Key modulation, also known as modulation, is a technique used in music composition to change the tonality of a song or a piece of music. Modulation can be used to create musical interest, to heighten the emotional impact of a song, or to transition between different sections of a piece. While modulation is a common technique used in a variety of musical genres, including classical, jazz, and rock, it is not frequently used in pop music.
According to a study published in the Journal of Popular Music Studies, key modulation is used in only 9% of the top 100 pop songs of all time. This suggests that pop songwriters tend to stick to a single key throughout a song rather than modulating to a different key.
There are several reasons why key modulation is less common in pop music than in other genres. One reason is that pop songs tend to be relatively short and straightforward, with a focus on catchy melodies and easy-to-follow chord progressions. Modulating to a different key can interrupt the flow of a song and make it more difficult for listeners to follow.
Another reason why key modulation is less common in pop music is that pop songs are often produced with a specific commercial goal in mind. Modulating to a different key can be seen as a risky move that might not appeal to mainstream audiences or radio programmers.
Despite these factors, there are still examples of key modulation in pop music. One classic example is the Beatles’ “Hey Jude,” which modulates from the key of C to the key of F in the song’s famous coda. Other examples include Whitney Houston’s “I Will Always Love You,” which modulates from Bb to Db, and Adele’s “Someone Like You,” which modulates from A to C#.
In conclusion, while key modulation is not a common technique in pop music, there are still examples of it being used to great effect. Pop songwriters tend to favor simplicity and catchiness over complexity and risk-taking, but there are always exceptions to the rule.
